There are a lot of helpful observations that people can use. There are various names for that such as “rule of thumb”. There are a variety of versions of those. Some are called Razor’s in Philosophy.
In philosophy, a razor is a principle or rule of thumb that allows one to eliminate (“shave off”) unlikely explanations for a phenomenon, or avoid unnecessary actions.
Some wonderful razors are:
- Occam’s razor: Explanations which require fewer unjustified assumptions are more likely to be correct; avoid unnecessary or improbable assumptions. (source – Wikipedia)
- Hanlon’s razor: Never attribute to malice that which can be adequately explained by stupidity. (source – Wikipedia)
Then there are eponymous laws, principles, adages and other observations or predictions named after a person. Some common ones are Moore’s Law or Murphy’s law. You can check them out on Wikipedia. Listed here however are some that are useful to your reasoning in life. – https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_eponymous_laws
- Chesterton’s fence states that reforms should not be made until the reasoning behind the existing state of affairs is understood. (source – Wikipedia)